haight



5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(ModeL) H. J. HAIGHT;

INGUBATOR.

No. 251,112. Patented Dec. 20,1881.

v jlir'enlbn .(ModelL) 5 SheetBSheet 3.

H. JQHAIGHT.

No. 251,112. Patented 1190. 20,1881.

(Model.)

H. J. HAIGHT. INGUBATOR.

5 SheetsSheet 4.

Patented Dec. 20,1881.

a if

w'l'unlluu H. J. HAIGHT.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

INGUBATOR.

(ModeL) No. 251,112. Patented Dec. 20,1881.

N. PETERS, mwwumn n hw. Washington D. c

UNITED STATES PATENT Q FI E.

HENRY J. HAIGHT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

INCUBATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 251,112, dated December 20, 1881.

Application filed November 4, 1880. (Model) incubator complete, with some of the shutters,

open to show the drawer-ways 6 upon which the-egg-layer drawer A is to be drawn for support, also with the middle iegs,M M,forholding the oil-case O, and the lifter L, with its valve accessories. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same, showing especially the valve V, the vertical portions of the cold-air and hot-air passages P and P and the skylights of the upper artificial mothers. Fig. 3 is a back view of the same in perspective, showing the artificial mothers especially. Fig. at is a perspective view, showing a plan of its construction, a portion of itscovi-ring being cut away to show the fresh-air inlet. Fig. 5 is a perspective view-of the egg-layer drawer with an egglayer suspended in it. Fig. 6 isa partial view of the reversed bottom (1 of the egg-layer, showing the bolts by which it is kept securely in place, the view being in perspective. Fig. 7 is a view in perspective of the interior of the lamp-chamber D, bringing into view the vaulted casement O, the boiler B, the smokepipe or chimney S, and the hot-water-distributing pipes k h as well as the returning-water pipes k k and the lamp apparatus. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the boiler B, showing the lamp in its interior and its flame-intensifiern, and outside, showingits distributing and returning pipes and its connection with the opposite reservoirs, R It. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal vertical section of the smoke-passage in the easement O, in connection with the interiors j 3' of the boilers. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the lifting device L of the flame-intensifier. Fig. 11 is a plan of the hotwater reservoirs R R, the top or cover of the one at the left hand being removed to show the interior construction, showing also the fines of the chimney S in the artificial mothers. Fig. 1-2 is perspective View ofthe springbolt 1) with the parts immediately connected tificial mothers, three boilers, 850., the six egg layers being alike in construction and operation, and the other duplicated parts beingalike. I shall describe, therefore, only one of each kind.

The various parts of my improved apparatus are mounted in or on a stationary box supported by a sufficient number of legs, preferably eight for a double incubator, as shown, the upper parts of which form the principal frame-work of the box. It is constructed with two front and two back divisions, the former containing one or more tiers of egg-layers and the latter containing one or more tiers of artificial mothers. A lamp-chamber occupies the middle of the front division; but the box may be made single, with the lamp-chamber at one side, the construction of the hatching apparatus in the front part, of the artificial mothers in the rear part, and of the lampchamber being the same as for one-half of the double incubator, including the single lampchainber therefor. In a one-tier box, double or single, the artificial mothers may be furnished with either a sloping wire-gauze skylight, V, Fig. 3, or a drawer and balcony.

The arrangement of the front division is as follows: The division is subdivided into two compartments for each egg-layer case, one over the other, the upper one being the egg-layer drawer A, and theloweroneincluding two open cold-air passages, P P, one open hot-air passage, P one hot-water reservoir, B, Fig. 11, and one vapor-tray, R shownseparately in Fig. 4.

The egg-layer drawer A is composed of a stationary frame carrying a'turning or revolving egg-layer in another frame, a, as shown in Fig.

5. The latter frame is suspended by its jour nals in bearin gs or sockets of the outer carrying-frame, c and isheld fastin properposition by a spring-bolt, b, the handle I) of which extends out through the front side of the carry- This bolt is constructed asshown in g-frame.

frame that carries it, this enlarged end entering a suitable hole in the front part of the turn ing frame to hold it from turning. Between this enlarged part of the bolt and theinner surface of the carrying frame a coiled spring surrounds the bolt and acts to force the bolt forward and lock the turning frame. There is also a feather on one side of the bolt, as shown, andaslotin thestationaryframe,th rough which the feather can pass. By turning the knob of the bolt when the same is drawn out, so that the feather is not opposite to the slot, the bolt is held out of the turning frame (I; but when the bolt is turned to bring the feather opposite to the slot the spring acts to force the bolt in,

the said feather entering the slot. In the latter position the bolt holds the turning frame fixed. Besides this bolt, the back of the revolving frame is also held by two elastic brackets, b secured to the inside of the outer frame, on which rest projections I) on corner-braces b of theinner revolving frame,as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The egg-layer is constructed with a separate bottom, made of a wooden grate, d, Figs. 5 and 6, laid on narrow strips d of hard wood or of metal, extending transversely at the ends and in the middle. To fasten this bottom (which has to be reversed in position) to the revolving frame, the tenons on the ends thereof, at the rear side, enter into sockets or eyes dflwhich project from the above-mentioned corner braces b and from the middle of the back piece of the outer frame, while the front side is held fast by a sliding bolt in the middle bars of the grate being inserted in its hems d by spring-bolts in one of the grate-bars springing into eyes or sockets d at the ends, the spring-bolts being expressly made and adapted for this purpose. The bottom, on its other side, is covered with bolting-cloth, the outer the cover being loose. so as to form troughs between the bars of the grate, in which the eggs are to lie. By this construction, also, the cloth is readily detached for washing. At the time of turning the eggs to their opposite sides the glazed shutters c, Fig. 1,are opened, the drawer A is drawn out and caused to rest on drawer Ways or cleats e screwed to the inside of the shutters, and another grated bottom, d, similar to the one which holds the eggs, is carefully laid,with its cloth-covered side down ward, on the one which holds the eggs, and secured in that position, by its own, tenons and pins, in the frame, which has similar sockets or eyes on both sides. The spring-bolt b of the drawer is then pulled and fastened back, and

the revolving frame is then laterally turned half a revolution and rebolted. The bottom d, which before held the eggs, is now on top, (the eggs being transferred to the last-applied bottom for support,) and it is taken away. The drawer is then pushed back into the egg-layer chamber.

The lower part of the egg-layer case contains wooden beamsf, Fig. 1, which, crossing upon a wooden bottom,f form two cold-air passages, I at the ends and a hot-air passage, P between them. These beams also support a vaportray, R Fig. 4:, which should be provided with a removable wire cover to prevent the chicks from falling into the tray, and is lined all around with a covered inletlining,f made hollow or tubular, and provided with a number of holes,f, through its outer lateral sides, and through its inner lateral sides with perforations to receive the ends of tuhesf which have long narrow slots or openings in their tops, as shown. Through these holes and tubes fresh air is freely admitted, introduced in the direction indicated by arrows through the waste-water-discharge pipe 9, for the purpose of keeping the boltcloth covering of the grated bottom cool, and for tempering the hot vapor. These tubes f are attached to and held by the inner walls of the inlet-lining. The tray has near the center an outlet-opening,f letting into a channel, 9 which conveys the discharged water to the discharge-pipe g in either of the horizontal passages, as P The passages 'P P comfmunieat'e through 0 euin 's with 0 )en vertical passages P Fig. 13, interposed between the front and back divisions of the box, and the waste-water pipe extends down one of these vertical passages to the inclined gutter G, itself provided with a discharge-pipe, 9, to carry away the water to any place desired.

Into the center of each hot-air passage 15 valve-apertures 9 open for discharging the surplus of hot air from the hatching or egglaying chamber, as shown in Fig. 13, and from this hot-air passage the hot airquickly escapes through the passage P connected therewith. The upper valve-apertures open into the outer air direct. These valve-apertures are opened and closed by valves V, which are automatically regulated by the temperature of the hatching-chambers themselves.

My improved thermostat or self-regulator for the heat I have made the subject-matterofa separate application for Letters Patent; but I have indicated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the mode of connecting the valves therewith, the thermostats being mounted on face plates E. (Shown in Fig. 1.)

The bottoms of all the passages P P are covered with sander thick cloth for the purpose of better retaining the heat for incubation. Underthe respective hot-air passages P hot-water reservoirs R are placed. 1 The.

- in the figures just referred to.

tend transversely throughthem, th rough which passageshot water from the distributingpipe passes and repasses around the strips,forkeeping upa uniform temperature of aqueous heat throughout thereservoir. Also notched bracepartitions h are longitudinally affixed to both the top and bottom of the reservoir, as shown, to keep the same in shape against the expanding action of the hot water. The watermeturning pipes h", entering the lam p-ehambei-D, Fig. 7, and joining the corresponding pipes from the opposite reservoir, as at h, Fig. 8, descend as one pipe to the boilerB, as shown Each reservoir is provided with two short tubes, If, extending vertically through both the top and bottom thereof, and open at both ends. These tubes are located in positions as shown, or thereabout, and their purpose is to conduct heated air from the hatchiug-chamberbeneath up to the valve-apertures 9 The lamp chamber or hall D is lined on top and bottom and all sides with sheet metal, and extends from front to back ofthe apparatus, between the two parts of adouble incubator, as shown, or at one end of asingle incubator. One or more boilers, B, are lorated in the lower part thereof, mounted in the bottom of the same, the lower portions of the boilers being below and outside of the chamber, and thus exposed to the lamps beneath. A vaultedcasing or casement, (l, surmounts the upper portions of the boilers and incloses a vaulted smoke-passagej, Fig. 7, which connects with a vertical smoke-pipe or chimney, S, extending up through and out of the lamp-chamber. Each boiler B is constructed with a coniealinterior surface,j open at the bottom, and at the top capped with an enlarged top, k the caps in the several boilers united, forming a continuation of the smoke-passage j. .The space between the outer wall of each boiler and this interior surface or'wall, and closed at the bottom, holds the water and forms the boiler propt r. The lamps are respectively placed beneath the interior hollowparts of the boilers, and heat the water therein through the interior walls,jf. The products of combustion escape through the smoke-passagc'j into the chimney S. Each boiler connects with a return waterpipe, If, on one side, as at R and on the other side has a faucet, k, for discharging its water when desired. These are nearthe bottom ofthe boiler. From the top a hot-water pipe, k extends upward in thelamp-chamber. Each hot-water pipe has two branches or ramifications,j communicating respectively with theoppositehot-waterreservoirs,R,whichthey supply with water, as clearly shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Each double ramification j or single ramification for single incubators, is provided with a water-supplying box, 1, one being shown;

plied with sufficient water for the purpose,

and to prevent unnecessary waste by evaporation it may be covered with'a closelid, (shown raised in the drawings.) A supply pipe or tube, 1 extends from the bottom of the box and enters the ramification to be supplied thereby, and an air-escape tube, 1 also enters the same ramification nearthe snpply-tube, extends up through the bottom ofthe box, and its open end terminates about even with the top of the box. This prevents thecolleetion of air in the ramification. An overflow pipe, 1 extends from near the top of the box inside to a waterdischarge pipe, 1 The box. may be supported on the return water-pipe k which leads from the same reservoirs as it-snpplies.

Adjoining the front end otthe casement O a hollow ease,j, Figs. 7 and 9, is located, open, at least at the bottom, to allow fresh air to ascend into the easement from the outside, and

a little box or vestibule,j, is attached to the front of the said case, situated on the front frame-work of the apparatus,jnst above the middle legs, M, thereof, so as t be accessible and seen. This box has a glass lid, so thatv the condition inside maybe readily seen, and this lid is raised to get access to the vault and boilers for cleaning out the same.

The chimney or smoke-pipe S has three sepa rate fiues, as shown in Fig. 11, the. middle flue, j, leading to the heater H for the upper artificial mothers, and the two outer fines, j", carrying the products of combustion again therefrom. A damper, 20, controls the entrance of the heated products of combustion into the heater H from the middle flue, the said damper being OOIIllt cted by a connectingrod witha btll-tffd-llkflt which is suitably connected with a sliding bolt or handle, 1.0 reaching outside, so that the damper can be readily moved by hand, all substantially as shown in Fig. 11, and thus the heatin this heater is controlled. Any number of heaters H may be supplied in this way.

The lamp apparatus for heating the boilers B is represented in Fig. 7, the oil-case 0 being represented somewhat out of its usual position to show all parts more clearly. The oilcase holds as many lamps as there are boilers to be heated, the bases of the lamps being soldered to the case, and the upper portions or bodies of the lamps, carrying the burners, being removably screwed or attached to the bases. The case stands on a platform, on, which is provided with grooved truck-wheels m at the rear end, to roll on slender rails laid on tubes m which are supported by sockets in, attached to the middle legs, M M, of adouble incubator, or similar legs at one end of a single incubator. Two rods, m attached to the front bar of the platform in parallel positions,

slide in the respectivetubes m and thus guide and help to support'the said platform as it is pushed back or drawn forward by a person holding by the front handle, m Two stifl' rods also extend down from the front of the platform, and unite and rest on a small wheel,

' erabl y cylindrical.

m Fig. 1, which rolls on the floor, whereby the front end of the platform is fully sustained.

Each lamp is capped with a flame-intensifier, n consisting of a round copper case of the following construction: It is composed of two parts, as shown in Figs. 8, 9,and 10, thelower part being somewhat conical or rounded to contract its lower end,and the upper-part pref- Between the two parts is a circular flange, by which it is supported. The lower part may be perforated with small holes to admit air more freely inside. The upper part is close and quite low, as shown. These cases are, in use, let down around the burners of their respective lamps, to concentrate and intensify the flame ascending through them but in order to not interfere with moving the lamps forward and back for filling, trimming, &c., they are separately supported and arranged to be raised at any time by a device partly shown in Fig. 7 to'indicate its position and mode of suspension. and fully represented in Fig. 10 to showitsconstruction. Thisholder and lifter consists of a frame, L, composed of two parallel beams, n connected by a suitable number of cross-barsm,andprovided with sets of opposite inwardly-jutting seats, a, on which the flanges of the respective flame-intensifiers rest and are sustained. Two ofthe cross bars or rods n have on their respective ends little grooved wheels 02", the two at one side of the frame resting on the edges of rounded arms a having counterbalancingarms, as shown, and the two wheels at the other side of the frame similarly resting on rounded arms M, which have not or need not have counterbalancing-arms. Each pair of arms is secured to a connecting bar or rod,

n which has hearings in hangers n screwed or otherwise secured to the lamp-chamber above, and thus the whole apparatus is supported. For raising the frame and the flameinten'siliers supported thereby, the counterarms of the two arms a are connected by a wire or rod, as shown, and the same rod (or another) extends forward and is connected to one arm of a bent lever, n pivoted to one ofv the middle legs, M, of the double incubator, and provided with a handle, m all as shownin Fig. 10. ()n lifting this handle the counterarms of the arms a are lowered, thereby raising all the arms a and n simultaneously, and consequently raising the frame-lifter L evenly in every part. A reverse movement of the handle m lowers the frame and brings the fiame-intensifiers again down around the lamplourners. The counterweighting of the cams a may bejust sufficient to counterbalance the whole device, so that no device Will be necessary to hold it in either position, and the raising and lowering of the same is very easy.

By the way of the openings covered by the face-plates E, Fig. 1, oblong vapor-pans W, Fig. 13, may be introduced into the several hatching-chambers. These vapor-pans are supportedbysuitablerods, as shown,by brackets or otherwise, as convenient. Thcy-serve,of'course, to introduce proper moisture into the chambers when needed. The face-plates are covered and protected by glazed doors 8 the glass enabling the thermostats to be viewed from the outside, they being mounted on the said face-plates, as before specified.

The back division of the incubator is designed for artificia mothers, to promote the precarious vitality of the feeble chicks fresh from the egg-layers. Their construction is specially shown in Fig. 3. They are constructed in tiers, one above another, in the form of drawers, except the uppermost ones, which are fixed. The tiers are formed as single boxes in single incubators and double boxes in double incubators, the latter being shown in the figure. The upper ones are lighted and ventilated by inclined wire-gauze skylights,V,sustained by hinges, so that they may be raised to open the boxes. All the drawers are provided with sashes at their sides, each sash covered with two sliding panes of glass, and with balconies V outside of them, each formed of wire-gauze,exceptthebottom,whichisof wood. By swinging open the sashes v or sliding back their panes of glass, the drawers open into the balconies, allowing the young chicks to go out for airing themselves. The balconies are hung by rods V at their inner upper edges on books, so that they are readily removed to get access to the drawers. The drawers are covered as to their floors with fine wire-gauze, and that is covered with cloth or other soft material to hold sufficient heat received from the heater H, as shown in Fig. 13. The circulation of the heat in the heater or heaters H is first from the middle flue, j of the chimney S, thence through the lateral passages 0 and finalLv back to the side flues,j", in the chimney, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 11. The

while the lower mothers may be heated from above by the same heater; or other heaters may be located below the respective lower mothers.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The combination of the lamp apparatus, constructed as described, the sliding platform or frame m, and the legs M M, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The combination of the egg-layer drawer A, provided with the revolving egg-holding frame a, with the shutters e of the hatching-chamber, having supporting cleats or ways 0 substantially as and for the purpose herein described. v

3. The combination of the revolving egglayer frame a, provided with projections or stops, b I), and the holding-frame a provided with elastic brackets b b and spring-bolt b, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

4. The egg-layer frame provided with a grated bottom,with spaces between the gratebars wide enough to admit the whole diame{ ter of the eggs, and covered with a cloth lying loose and bagging between the several gratebars to form troughs for holding the eggs, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

5. In combination with the egg-drawer A,

the removable grate-bottom d, held in the revolving frame by tenons which enter sockets d at one side, and by sliding and spring bolts which enter other sockets, d and d atthe other side and the ends, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified. p 6. The hot-water reservoir R, of arched form, having water-guiding partition-strips It It along the middle or highest part, with notches or openings at intervals therein, and other longitudinal partitions, h 7%, between the middle strips and the sides of the reservoir, also with notches or openings'at intervals therein, sub stantially as and for the purpose herein specified. V

7. The combination of the boilers B, each provided with a hot-water pipe, h having ramifications j communicating respectively with hot-water reservoirs'R, all these pipes and the return-pipes k beinglocated in a single lampchamber, D, between the several pairs of opposite reservoirs, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

8. In the egg-layer chamber, the vapor-tray R provided with the hollow inlet-liningf for introducing fresh air, the said lining having the holesf, and slotted tubes f, and outlet closed by a plug, f substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

9. In combination with the vapor trays R the separate cold-air and hot-air passages P and P with supporting-beams or partitions 4o f between them, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

10. The vaulted casement 0, having in its interior a smoke- )assa e formed of the I a i .7 7

vaulted tops of the several boilers, and provided with the open-bottomed air-admitting -case j, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

11. A series of boilers, B B, arranged side by side, each provided with an. interior heatingcone,j ,'having an enlarged top, W, and the said tops of the several cones being joined together to form one continuous smoke-passage, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

12. The water-feed box Z, constructed as herein described,in combination with the piperamification f, the water-supply tube 1 and air'escape tube 5 substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

13. The combination of the boilers B B, the lamp-bearing oil-case 0, the flame-intensifiers n, and the means for operating the said flameintensifiers, all constructed and operating substantially asherein specified.

14. The combination of the flame-intensifi ers 9t, constructed as described, and the litter L, constructed and operating as set forth, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

15.. The combination of the oil-case O and the supporting platform m provided with truck-wheels m rolling on tracks which lie on tubes m and with rods m sliding in the said tubes, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

16. Thclifter L, composed of the beams n cross-barsn, grooved wheels a and provided with seats a for the flame-intensifiers n, in

combination with the eccentrics n and n", suspended by hangers wa substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

' 17. In combination with the chimney S, provided with the inlet-flue j and exit-fiuesj and the damper w, the heating-chambers. having heating-passages beneath them, through which the products of combustion pass from the flue 3' to the flues f, substantially as herein specified.

18. The combination of theartificial mothers having wire-gauze floors covered with cloth and with a sash-side provided with sliding panes of glass therein, and the balconies having wire-gauze sides, into which the artificial mothers open, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

HENRY- JANSEN HAIGHT.

Witnesses:

HENRY E. ROEDER, JOHN OARLIN. 

